
Attention Deficits Hyperactivity Disorder and is thought to affect over 25 million people in North America alone. It is a neurological condition characterized by the primary symptoms of distractibility, impulsivity, a low tolerance for boredom and an attraction to high risk activities. Those with ADHD may exhibit admirable quality such as high energy, above average intuition, and great enthusiasm, but have challenges with behavioral self regulation making their gifts difficult to utilize in a structured environment such as work and school.
*Inattention/distractibility: People with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder have trouble focusing. Those with ADHD may be able to focus very effectively at times but struggle terribly at other times. This unpredictable nature of being able to pay attention is one of the main features of ADHD. *Impulsivity: Many individuals who are diagnosed with ADHD have trouble regulating their behavior. In the case of impulsivity, they often act without thinking, perhaps talking out of turn or taking unwarranted or unnecessary risks. *Hyperactivity/restlessness: A person that is described as hyperactive is always moving in some way. They may be able sit but may feel compelled to move some part of their body when doing so. Hyperactivity is more of a concern with children than adults. The reason being that the vast majority of ADHD adults have less physical restlessness as they get older, or it may have manifested ways which are less noticeable.
Aside from the basic symptoms of inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity ADHD has quite a few other symptoms. These symptoms can include, but aren’t limited to, anticipation of failure, worry, boredom, loss of motivation, frustration, low self esteem, sleep disturbances, hopelessness, and substance abuse. The Three Types of ADHD The term attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) comes from the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). The DSM-IV outlines three forms of ADHD. *Inattentive type: Individuals diagnosed with this form have difficulty focusing but are able to sit still. *Hyperactive/impulsive type: Individuals diagnosed with this form struggle to sit still and have difficulty considering consequences before doing or saying something, but focus isn’t an issue. *Combined type: Individuals diagnosed with this form have a difficult time focusing, plus struggle with sitting still or doing things without thinking.
condition involving chemicals in the brain called neurotransmitters which are responsible for brain communication. The two primary neurotransmitters linked to ADHD are norepinephrine and dopamine. One of the top researchers in the field of ADHD recently stated that the main problem in ADHD is a problem in self regulation or as he put it a problem in the neurological motivation system, which makes it impossible to stay on task for any length of time unless there is a reward or some sort. The reward could be money or something as simple as praise for a job well done. Other symptoms of ADHD in children can include forgetfulness, poor time management, inability to sit still, low tolerance for stress, and poor grades in school despite above average intelligence. One of the reasons ADHD is so difficult to diagnose effectively is that a person may have all of the symptoms or any combination of symptoms. The good news is if you have ADHD you are blessed with above average intelligence. The bad news is that over 80 percent, despite their above average intelligence have a specific learning disability. If you suspect you may have ADHD examination by a medical professional, skilled in the field of ADHD, is the only way to know for sure. First becoming apparent in childhood, it is estimated that somewhere between 5 and 25 percent of school aged children have ADHD and 75 percent of ADHD children will carry their condition into adult hood. About 40 percent of children with ADHD have at least one parent who has a trait, and 35 percent have a sibling with the trait. Many who have the condition only realize it in adulthood. In these cases there normally is a childhood history of behavioral problems in school, including impulsivity, temper outbursts and over excitability, combined with a history of at least two of the following symptoms as an adult: disorganization, moodiness, flash temper, susceptibility to stress, and impulsivity. Depression is biologically linked with ADHD, and 50 percent of those with ADHD will experience a bout with depression at some time in their lives. It is common for Children with ADHD to experience social problems because they are easily distracted and over impulsive. They may show a tendency to be bored with school or exhibit frustration, depression, fear of learning new things, or violent behavior. Hostility and defiance are two of the main characteristics of ADHD and is estimated that over 50 percent of children between the ages of 5 and 7 exhibit theses characteristics. By the age of 12, many will have formed a conduct disorder. Conduct disorder is thought to affects and average of 7 percent of all children. These children tend to violent and will tend to have a host of behavioral problems such as: lying, failure to attend classes, initiating fights, running away from home and cruelty to animals Another common disorder in children with ADHD is oppositional defiant disorder. Conditions used to classify this condition are failure to obey rules, frequent fighting, pushing boundaries, disrupting the fun of others, and possible breaking the law. They deliberately do things to annoy other people and blame others for their own mistakes. They often swear and use inappropriate language. Does Nutrition Play A Role? While diet does not cause ADHD there is very little doubt that it can make the condition much worse and minimize the effectiveness of certain treatments. Most experts believe that a diet high in simple carbohydrates and/or simple sugars will make ADHD much worse. Brain scan studies indicate that brain activity in the areas of the brain responsible for focus and concentration spike dramatically during the first few minutes after the initial sugar high only to drop to very low levels thirty minutes later making concentration nearly impossible. Additionally, one recent research study seemed to indicate that deficiencies in calcium and/or magnesium are likely a factor with the primary ADHD symptom of inattention. The reason stated was that both calcium and magnesium are required for the body to process the B vitamins thus reducing the individual’s ability to focus.
An ever increasing number of children are diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, there is a growing anxiety among doctors and parents that many children are misdiagnosed. A high activity level may be entirely normal and be simply an exaggeration of normal childhood temperament. Alternatively, it may have a variety of causes, including emotional disorders or abnormalities of brain function, such as ADHD. Generally, 2 year olds are active and seldom stay still. A high activity and noise level is common up until the age of 4. In these age groups, such behavior is normal. Active behavior can cause conflicts between parents and child and may concern parents. It also can create problems for others who supervise such children, including teachers. Determining whether a child’s activity level is abnormally high should not simply depend on how tolerant the annoyed person is. However, some children are clearly more active than average. If the high activity level is combined with short attention span and impulsivity, it may be defined as hyperactivity and considered part of ADHD. Scolding and punishing children whose high activity level is within normal limits usually backfires, increasing the child’s activity level. Avoiding situations in which the child has to sit still for a long time or finding a teacher skilled in coping with such children may help. If simple measures do not help, a medical or psychological evaluation may be useful to rule out an underlying disorder such as ADHD. More about ADHD ADHD in Adults ADHD in Women ADHD Teens
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