
leading cause of disability in the world. In the United, bipolar disorder affects approximately 5 percent of the population (about the same as Adult ADHD) with the most serious form affecting about 2 million Americans. Few would argue that this is a serious condition. It is also worth pointing out that it tends to have a genetic component putting those with an immediate family member with the disorder at an up to eight times greater risk of developing the disorder. Another interesting statistic is that only four out of every ten people with the disorder ever seek treatment. What Is Bipolar Disorder?
excessive energetic moods called mania or manic episodes, which are more intense and very different than normal excitement. Manic episodes are uncontrollable periods of excessive energy that can begin at any time. During a manic episode, you often don’t need to sleep because you have so much energy. On the other hand, you can’t control your thoughts because they are racing too fast, making it impossible to do any work. You probably feel confused during the mania, and can’t remember things because you have so many thoughts. As a result, the speed with which you talk is so fast that it is difficult for others to understand what you are saying. You may have even noticed that some people look a little frightened or confused when they’re with you, because they can’t understand you or because you’re moving at such a breakneck speed, they can’t keep up. The overabundance of energy you experience might lead you to think that you’re bullet proof leading you to become angry or irritable with others. Or, it might make you believe that you are irresistible to others, and lead you to aggressively seek out new relationships, or rekindle old relationships with people you haven’t seen in years. During a bout of mania, you may also find yourself engaging in an excessive number of plans and activities. Some of these plans might spiral out of control because you don’t consider the negative things that could happen, while other impulsive activities, like shopping extravaganzas and intimate hookups with strangers, may put your long-term relationships at risk. Quite often, those with bipolar disorder also are fighting depression or dysthymia in between periods of mania, resulting in very severe mood swings from very high to very low. In order to differentiate how sever a person’s problem is , three different types of bipolar disorder have been identified: bipolar-I, bipolar-II, and cyclothymia. An individual with bipolar-I will have a manic episode that lasts for at least a week. On average, these episodes usually persist from three to six months. Bipolar-I may also include episodes of depression or dysthymia in between the manic episodes. In severe cases of bipolar-I, you may even experience visual or auditory hallucinations or delusional thoughts, such as the belief that you possess great powers. On average, a person with bipolar-I can expect a manic episode every two to four years, and the odds of having a second manic episode after your first one are greater than 90 percent. A less disabling form of bipolar disorder/mania is called hypomania, which doesn’t throw up nearly as many roadblocks for living in moderate normalcy. Generally speaking, these hypomanic episodes persist for a least a few days and include many of the same symptoms as in a manic episode. Sandwiched in between these hypomanic periods, you might also experience depression or dysthymia, but hypomanic episodes never include hallucinations or delusions. A person who experiences hypomanic episodes and at least one depressive episode might be diagnosed with bipolar-II, while someone who experiences hypomanic episodes and less disabling depressive symptoms, such as dysthymia, might be diagnosed with cyclothymia. If you are one of those individuals who experiences hypomania, you might look forward to your hypomanic episodes, because you become overly creative and/productive during these periods. It’s also possible that during hypomania your shyness disappears and you become more outgoing. Your focus and overall mental clarity might improve, and you might feel powerful and irresistible to others. However, these perceptions just might lead to the proclivity to make rash judgments, like impulsively running up the balance on one of your credit cards you might have been diligently trying to pay off. A person who goes through four or more manic or hypomanic episodes every year has what psychologists refer to as rapid cycling bipolar disorder. An equally severe complications is called a mixed episode. This describes a span of one week during which a person experiences both depression and mania almost every day. From a medical perspective all bipolar disorders fall under the general category of mood disorders. What Is The Cause?
with research telling us that if someone in your immediate family has the disorder your odds of becoming bipolar are up to eight times greater than someone who is not related to a person with bipolar disorder.
experiences, socioeconomic status, and other life situations that might trigger bipolar disorder. Brain chemicals called neurotransmitters likely play a role; most notably serotonin and dopamine. Other theories suggest that the cause of the problem might lie in the way neurons in the brain transmit their signals, either transmitting too easily during mania or not transmitting enough during depression. If you do have a genetic or a biological risk for developing bipolar disorder, certain environmental factors, such as stress, might be the spark that kindles the fire of a manic or hypomanic episode. Other potential triggers include the disruption of a person’s daily routine, changes in sleep habits, changes in work schedules, and engaging in family conflicts. Changes in sleep patterns very often trigger manic episodes.
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