
familiar symptoms such as a fever, runny nose, sore throat, cough, headache, muscle aches (myalgias), and a general sense of just feeling terrible. Every year, all over the world, widespread outbreaks of influenza, take place during late fall and winter. Influenza occurs in epidemics, in which many people get sick all at one time. In each epidemic, usually only one strain of influenza virus is to blame for the disease.
swine flu or bird flu) in which it was found. There are two types of influenza virus (type A and type B) with many different strains within each category. The symptoms produced by the different types and strains are often similar but not identical. The strain of influenza virus leading to outbreaks is always evolving making each outbreak somewhat different from the last. It often changes sufficiently to make the last batch of flu vaccine no longer effective and forcing scientist to make a calculated guess as to what the new strain will look like. Influenza is distinctly different from the common cold. It is caused by a different virus and produces symptoms that are more severe. Also, influenza affects cells much deeper down in the respiratory tract. Influenza virus is spread by inhaling droplets that have been coughed or sneezed out by an infected person or by having direct contact with an infected person’s secretions. Handling household articles that have been in contact with an infected person or an infected person’s secretions may on occasion spread the disease. Symptoms and Diagnosis
Chills or a chilly sensation are often the first indication of influenza. Fever is common during the first few days, and the temperature may rise to 102 to 103 degrees. Many people feel adequately ill to remain in bed for days; they have aches and pains throughout the body, most evident in the back of the legs. Headache is often severe with aching around and behind the eyes. Bright light may make the headache worse. At first, the respiratory symptoms may be relatively mild, with a scratchy sore throat, a burning sensation in the chest, a dry cough, and a runny nose. Later, the cough can become severe and bring up sputum. The skin may be warm and flushed, particularly on the face. The mouth and throat may redden, the eyes may water, and the whites of the eyes may become bloodshot. The ill person, especially a child, may have nausea and vomiting. A small percentage of people with influenza lose their sense of smell for a few days or weeks; rarely, the loss is permanent. Most symptoms subside after 2 to 3 days. However, fever sometimes lasts up to 5 days, cough may persist for 10 days or longer, and airway irritation may take 6 to 8 weeks to completely resolve. Weakness and fatigue may persist for several days or occasionally for weeks.
the influenza virus itself spreads into the lungs, or bacterial pneumonia, in which unrelated bacteria (such as pneumococci) attack the person’s weakened defenses. In both cases, the person may have worsened cough, difficulty breathing, persistent or recurring fever, and sometimes bloody sputum. Pneumonia is more common in older people and in people with heart or lung disease. It has been estimated that up to 7% of older people in long term care facilities that develop influenza have to be hospitalized, and 1 to 4% die. Younger people with chronic illnesses are also at risk of developing severe complications. Because most people are familiar with the symptoms of influenza, and because influenza occurs in epidemics, the illness if often correctly diagnosed by the person who has it, or by family members. The severity of the illness and the presence of a high fever and body aches help differentiate influenza from a cold. Test on samples of blood or respiratory secretions can confirm the influenza virus but are useful only in special circumstances. Prevention Vaccination is the best way to circumvent the contraction of influenza. Influenza vaccines contain inactivated (killed) influenza virus or pieces of the virus. Modern vaccines protect against three different strains of influenza virus. Different vaccines may be given every year to keep up with the changes in the virus. Doctors try to forecast the strain of virus that will attack each year based on the strain of virus that predominated during the previous flu season and the strain causing disease in other parts of the world. Vaccination is particularly important for people who are likely to become very ill if infected. People in this group include the younger, those older than 50, and anyone with a chronic illness such as diabetes, lung disease, or heart disease. Other than occasional soreness at the infection site, vaccine side effects are rare. That said, there is an intense debate occurring between those practicing conventional pharmaceutical medicine and those who believe either themselves or their children have been impacted by the side effects of vaccines. If you have concerns make sure and discuss them with your doctor before moving forward. In the United States, vaccination takes place during the fall so that levels of antibodies are highest during the peak influenza months: November through March. For most people, about 2 weeks is needed for the vaccine to provide protection. Several antiviral drugs can be used to prevent infection with influenza virus. Doctors may prescribe these drugs when a person has a clear, recent exposure to someone with influenza. In addition, these drugs are used during epidemics of influenza to protect unvaccinated people who are at high risk of complications of influenza: older people and people with chronic illnesses. Amantadine and rimantadine are older antiviral drugs that offer protection against influenza type A but not influenza type B. These drugs can cause stomach upset, nervousness, sleeplessness, and other side effects, especially in older people and in those with brain or kidney disease. Rimantadine tends to cause fewer side effects than Amantadine. Another drawback of both Amantadine and rimantadine is that the influenza virus rapidly develops resistance to them. Two new drugs, oseltamivir and zanamivir, can prevent infection with either influenza virus type A or type B. These drugs produce fewer side effects.
The main treatment for influenza is to rest adequately, drink plenty of fluids, and avoid physical exertion. Normal activities may resume 24 to 48 hours after the body temperature returns to normal, but most people take several days to improve. People may treat fever and aches with acetaminophen or nonsteroidal anti inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs, such as aspirin. Acetaminophen and ibuprofen can be used in children if needed. Other measures often suggested for the common cold such as nasal decongestants and steam inhalation, may prove helpful in relieving symptoms.
|
| Thank You for Visiting Purchase Remedies.com |





