

ADD/ADHD in Children Estimates vary widely about exactly how many children actually have ADHD with highest estimate being somewhere around 12 percent and the lowest being 5 percent. Nevertheless, these are big numbers and almost every classroom has at least one child with ADHD who is struggling to concentrate, failing to gain social acceptance, and not being able to keep up.
disproved this huge disparity with current estimates being closer to 3 to 1. Many characteristics of ADHD are often noticed before the age of 4 and almost always before the age of 7, but may not fully get in the way of academic performance and social interactions until the middle school years. ADHD which is short for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder was previously known as attention deficit disorder (ADD), however, the realization that hyperactivity was present in ADD children over half of the time lead to the current terminology. ADHD can be inherited from one or both parents. A child with one ADHD parent has a 60 percent chance of inheriting the disorder. The cause of ADHD in children is still unknown but a couple of theories have come to forefront in recent years. The most widely held is that the disorder is caused by abnormalities in neurotransmitters (chemicals that transmit nerve impulses within the brain). The second theory advanced by the National Institute of health revolves around brain development. The research resulting in this conclusion revolved around data compiled from advanced brain scan technology and seems to indicate that children with ADHD have areas of the brain that development slower than their peers. The specific areas sited were those controlling self regulation (frontal lobe etc…). Symptoms ADHD is primarily a problem with sustained attention, concentration, and the ability to complete tasks (task persistence). The child may also be overactive and impulsive. Many preschool children are anxious, have problems communicating and interacting, and in general behave poorly. They may seem as if they aren’t paying attention even when spoken to directly. They may fidget and squirm especially when trying to sit still, participating (or not participating) in quiet time, or wait their turn. They may show signs of impatience and are prone to blurt out an answer long before the full question has been asked. Later in childhood ADHD children may move their legs restlessly, move and fidget their hands, talk impulsively, be disorganized, and appear absentminded or forgetful. Approximately half of children with the disorder are hostile and negative in their behavior and a smaller number engage in aggressive behavior toward people or animals. About one out of every five children with ADHD have a learning disability and about 80 percent are plagued by academic underachievement. Their homework/schoolwork may be messy and be filled with careless mistakes unless a disproportionate amount of extra time and effort is spent. Affected children often behave as if their mind is elsewhere else and seem as if they are not listening. They often don’t compete schoolwork assignments and follow through on requests. There may be repeated shifts from one partially completed task to another. About 60 percent of young children have other behavioral problems such as temper tantrums, and most older children with ADHD have a very low anger threshold and may become agitated easily. |
