Mange in Dogs
    R.D. Hawkins  

    Mange in dogs is caused by mites, Demodex mites to be exact.
    Demodex mites are tiny cigar shaped insects that are difficult, if
    not impossible, to see with the naked eye. They normally peacefully
    coexist with dogs inhabiting hair follicles without being noticed.

    Problems begin when the Demodex population starts to multiply at a faster than
    normal rate resulting in a condition known as demodicosis, or demodectic mange.
    Demodicosis, which is not contagious, may be localized making its presence known
    in only one ear, or be generalized spreading over the entire body of the dog. The
    good news is that the localized variety is much more common, the bad news is no
    mange outbreak is a good thing.

    Dogs with demodicosis usually have patchy hair loss and scaly red skin, especially
    around the face, eyes, corners of the mouth, and on the front legs. If mange affects
    the entire body, the signs and symptoms are generally much more severe, with the
    skin becoming darker and thicker as a result of chronic inflammation.

    To confirm that mange is indeed the culprit causing your dogs skin problem your
    veterinarian will likely take skin scrapings for microscopic examination and/or perform
    a biopsy or two.

    Demodicosis mange in dogs is most often seen in canines younger than one year,
    with adults dogs less likely to fall prey to the exploding Demodex mite population which
    is mange. Generalized demodicosis in puppies is probably hereditary, so it just makes
    sense to have young dogs with mange spayed or neutered so that they don’t pass on
    this not so favorable trait.

    Surprisingly some cases of localized mange disappear on their own but generally
    your pet will need help to eliminate these stubborn tiny insects.

    Dogs with the more severe generalized variety must be dipped once or twice a week in
    miticide (a pesticide like mite killing solution) or shampooed regularly with either a natural
    mite killing solution or a chemically infused shampoo containing benzoyl peroxide.

    For these mite killing remedies to work effectively dogs with long heavy coats may
    need a be clipped or trimmed, but be careful. It is important to remember you are
    dealing with mites and while not contagious they can be spread through direct contact
    and being creatures of opportunity they are can easily find their way into clothing,
    sheets, and towels.

    Mange infestations open the door for the possibility of bacterial skin infection which
    can turn into a serious problem if left untreated. Antibiotics may be prescribed by
    your pets veterinarian as a precaution against this.

    In the end manage in dogs is a condition which can run the gamut from serious to
    mild, and localized to generalized. Older dogs typically have a much more difficult
    time getting over the condition for a number of reason not the least of which are  
    diminished general skin health and reduced immune system function.

    That said, with early recognition and treatment mange will be nothing more than an
    unwanted visitor that comes and goes allowing your dog to return to their happy
    healthy self in a relatively short period of time.

    Source: The Dog Bible

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